Great Classical Music Scandals

Symphony No 3: ‘Eroica’, formerly known as ‘Bonaparte’ by Ludvig van Beethoven (1804)

The story behind the dedication of Beethoven’s third symphony is the stuff of musical legend.  

‘Napoleonic’ certainly describes the scale on which Beethoven conceived the work – he even sketched out a programme of Bonaparte’s life within the symphony’s movements – until the moment in 1804 when he was informed that Napoleon had styled himself Emperor. The original dedication to Bonaparte was defaced: Beethoven announced that Napoleon was “a tyrant”, who “will think himself superior to all men”, and re-named the symphony the “Eroica”.

The symphony was also controversial musically, causing Beethoven’s great admirer Hector Berlioz to exclaim at one point “if that was really what Beethoven wanted… it must be admitted that this whim is an absurdity!”

Absurd or otherwise, the Eroica stands as one of the most important cultural monuments of all time.

The Battle of the Sopranos

The opera house has always been rowdier than the concert hall, but even so the riot at the King’s Theatre Haymarket on June 6 1727 has gone down in history. On stage were two great rival sopranos, Faustina Bordoni and Francesca Cuzzoni, who fought a “horrid and bloody battle”, according to one eyewitness. As did their supporters.

In Handel's opera Alessandro (1726) the importance of the two ladies' roles had to be very carefully balanced, which at one point in the opera's plot made Senesino, playing the name part, look a complete fool. Her rivalry with Faustina, fanned by the press, eventually became scandalous when, in a performance of Bononcini's Astianatte (6 June 1727), attended by princess Caroline, "Hissing on one Side, and Clapping on the other" gave rise to "Catcalls, and other great indecencies". Such was the rumpus that the performance, and the rest of that opera season, were abandoned. The satirical pamphleteers had a field day, depicting the two prime donne exchanging insults and pulling at one another's head-dresses, though recent research has revealed that it was the ladies' rival supporters, rather than the singers themselves, who were the cause of the disturbance.



Belgium in uproar

Auber’s opera La Muette de Portici (The Mute Girl of Portici) caused barely a murmur when it opened in Paris in 1829. But when it was performed at La Monnaie Opera House in Brussels in 1830, revolutionary feelings were in the air, and the aria “Sacred Love of One’s Country” sparked the July revolution that led to Belgian independence.






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Five Great Classical Music Scandals

A century since the Rite of Spring caused a riot in Paris, Ivan Hewett picks five other classical and opera scandals.  

By Ivan Hewett

The Battle of the Sopranos

The opera house has always been rowdier than the concert hall, but even so the riot at the King’s Theatre Haymarket on June 6 1727 has gone down in history. On stage were two great rival sopranos, Faustina Bordoni and Francesca Cuzzoni, who fought a “horrid and bloody battle”, according to one eyewitness. As did their supporters.




Belgium in uproar

Auber’s opera La Muette de Portici (The Mute Girl of Portici) caused barely a murmur when it opened in Paris in 1829. But when it was performed at La Monnaie Opera House in Brussels in 1830, revolutionary feelings were in the air, and the aria “Sacred Love of One’s Country” sparked the July revolution that led to Belgian independence.


 

Scandal in Vienna

Just two months before The Rite of Spring opened in Paris, the venerable Musikverein concert hall in Vienna was rent with cries of “Send them to the madhouse!” and “Throw them out!” The police were called and one man prosecuted for throwing a punch (which according to one observer was the most musical sound of the evening). The cause of the upset was Alban Berg’s magical Altenberg Lieder.

Listen to some of Alban Berg's Altenberg Lieder 

Edgard Varèse

Paris rocked again

The Théâtre des Champs-Elysées was the scene of another scandal, 41 years after The Rite of Spring premiere. This time the cause was Déserts, the latest work by the wild-haired visionary Edgard Varèse, who’d already caused quite a few scandals in the 1920s. What upset the audience was the mixing of electronic and orchestral sounds, which at that time was beyond the pale.

 




Reich fails to rock

Like Auber’s Muette de Portici, the first performance of Steve Reich’s Four Organs, in 1971, passed off without demur. But at a performance in New York in 1973, audiences were less patient with its relentless repetitions. One of the performers was the young Michael Tilson Thomas, who recalls that one woman “walked down the aisle and repeatedly banged her head on the stage, saying 'Stop, stop – I confess’.” 

Listen to Steve Reich's Four Organs

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